Model Jury - Table of Contents
MODEL CIVIL JURY INSTRUCTIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Preliminary Instructions
1.01 Duty of Jury
1.02 Claims and Defenses
1.03 What is Not Evidence
1.04 Evidence for Limited Purpose
1.05 Direct and Circumstantial Evidence
1.06 Ruling on Objections
1.07 Credibility of Witnesses
1.08 Conduct of the Jury
1.09 No Transcript Available to Jury
1.10 Taking Notes
1.11 Outline of Trial
1.12 Burden of Proof--Preponderance of the Evidence
1.13 Question to Witnesses by Jurors
1.14 Jury to be Guided by Official English Translation/Interpretation
2. Oral Instructions During Trial
2.01 Cautionary Instruction--First Recess
2.02 Bench Conferences and Recesses
2.03 Stipulated Testimony
2.04 Stipulations of Fact
2.05 Judicial Notice
2.06 Deposition as Substantive Evidence
2.07 Transcript of Tape Recording
2.08 Limited Purpose Evidence
2.09 Impeachment by Conviction of Crime
2.10 Tests and Experiments
2.11 Use of Interrogatories of a Party
3. General Instructions After Close of Evidence; Concluding Instructions;
Consideration of Evidence
3.00 Cover Sheet
3.01 Duties of Jury to Find Facts and Follow Law
3.02 Use of Notes
3.03 What is Evidence
3.04 Jury to be Guided by Official English Translation/Interpretation
3.05 What is Not Evidence
3.06 Direct and Circumstantial Evidence
3.07 Credibility of Witnesses
3.08 Opinion Evidence (Expert Witnesses)
3.09 Causation (Comment Only)
3.10 Charts and Summaries Not Received in Evidence
3.11 Charts and Summaries in Evidence
3.12 Two or More Parties--Different Legal Rights
3.13 Communication with Court
3.14 Duty to Deliberate
3.15 Return of Verdict
4. Instructions During Deliberations
4.01 Additional Instructions of Law
4.02 Changed Instruction of Law
4.03 Return to Deliberations After Polling
4.04 Deadlocked Jury--Criminal and Civil
5. Proof--Burdens and Elements of Proof (Standardized Format)
5.01 Burden of Proof--Preponderance of the Evidence
5.02 Burden of Proof--Clear and Convincing Evidence
5.03 Elements of Proof--One Defendant--No Counterclaim or Affirmative
Defense
5.04 Elements of Proof--Two or More Defendants--No Counterclaim or
Affirmative Defense
5.05 Elements of Proof--Complete Affirmative Defense
5.06 Elements of Proof--Claim and Counterclaim
6. Vicarious Liability; Independent Contractors
6.01 Corporations and Partnerships--Fair Treatment
6.02 Liability of Corporations--Scope of Authority Not in Issue
6.03 Liability of Partnerships--Scope of Authority Not in Issue
6.04 Agent and Principal--Definition
6.05 Agent--Scope of Authority Defined
6.06 Act of Agent is Act of Principal--Scope of Authority Not in Issue
6.07 Both Principal and Agent Sued--No Issue as to Agency or Authority
6.08 Principal Sued but not Agent--No Issue as to Agency or Authority
6.09 Both Principal and Agent Sued--Agency or Authority Denied
6.10 Principal Sued, but not Agent--Agency or Authority Denied
6.11 Independent Contractor--Definition
6.12 General Partnership--Definition
6.13 General Partnership--Scope of Partnership Business Defined
6.14 General Partnership--Act of Partner is Act of All Partners
6.15 General Partnership--Liability of Partner--No Issue as to Partnership, Agency, or Scope of Authority
6.16 Partnership--Existence Admitted--Scope of Partnership Business in
Issue--Effect
6.17 Partnership--Existence of Partnership In Issue--Effect
7. Damages
7.01 Damages--Proof
7.02 Measures of Types of Damages
7.03 Damages--Mitigation
7.04 Damages Arising in the Future--Discount to Present Cash Value
7.05 Punitive Damages
8. Federal Employers' Liability Act; Federal Safety Appliance Act
8.01.01 Preliminary Jury Instruction for Federal Employers' Liability Act (45 U.S.C. §§ 51 and 53)
8.01.02 Preliminary Jury Instruction for Federal Safety Appliance Act (45 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.)
8.02.01 FELA--Elements and Burden of Proof
8.02.02 FELA--Negligence Defined
8.02.03 FELA--[Proximate] [Legal] Cause
8.02.04 FELA--Plaintiff's Compliance with Defendant's Request or Directions
8.02.05 FELA--Damages (Comment Only)
8.02.06 FELA--Plaintiff's Negligence--Reduction of Damages
8.03.01 FSAA--Elements and Burden of Proof (45 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.)
8.03.02 FSAA--Relevant Provision of the Act
8.03.03 FSAA--[Proximate] [Legal] Cause
8.03.04 FSAA--Negligence
8.03.05 FSAA--Damages (Comment Only)
9. Jones Act and Other Admiralty Claims
9 Jones Act (Preliminary Comment Only)
9.01.01 Jones Act--Negligence Claim--Elements and Burden of Proof--Affirmative Defense (46 U.S.C. § 688)
9.01.02 Jones Act--Negligence Defined
9.01.03 Jones Act--Negligence Claim--[Proximate] [Legal] Cause
9.01.04 Jones Act--Plaintiff's Compliance with Defendant's Request or Directions
9.02.01 Jones Act--Unseaworthiness Claim--Elements and Burden of Proof--Affirmative Defense (46 U.S.C. § 688)
9.02.02 Jones Act--Unseaworthiness Defined
9.02.03 Jones Act--Unseaworthiness--[Proximate] [Legal] Cause
9.03.01 Jones Act--Negligence or Unseaworthiness--Damages--Proof
9.03.02 Jones Act--Negligence or Unseaworthiness--Plaintiff's Negligence--Reduction of Damages
9.04 Jones Act--Maintenance and Cure--Willful or Arbitrary Failure to Pay
10. Tax Refund Actions
10 Tax Refund Actions (Preliminary Comment Only)
10.01 Tax Refund Actions--Elements and Burden of Proof--Claimed Refund
10.02 Tax Refund Actions--Elements and Burden of Proof--Claimed Deductions
11. Civil Rights Actions
11 Civil Rights Actions (Preliminary Comment Only)
11.01 Violation of Federal Civil Rights--Elements and Burden of Proof (42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.01.01 Under Color of Law Defined (42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.01.02 Excessive Force--Unreasonable Seizure--Lawful Arrest
(42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.01.03 Unreasonable Search--Generally (42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.01.04 Unreasonable Search--Exceptions to Warrant Requirement--
Search Incident to Lawful Arrest (42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.01.05 Unreasonable Search--Exceptions to Warrant Requirement--Consent (42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.01.06 Unreasonable Search--Exceptions to Warrant Requirement--
Exigent Circumstances (42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.02 Qualified Immunity (42 U.S.C. § 1983) (Comment Only)
11.03.01 Municipal Liability (42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.03.02 Municipal Liability--Official Policy Defined (42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.03.03 Official Policy Makers
11.03.04 Municipal Liability--Failure to Train--Elements and Burden of Proof
11.03.05 Municipal Liability--Deliberate Indifference Defined
(42 U.S.C. § 1983)
11.04 Damages for Deprivation of Civil Rights--Actual or Nominal
(42 U.S.C. § 1983)
12. Age Discrimination
12.01.01 Preliminary Jury Instruction for Age Discrimination Cases--
Disparate Treatment (29 U.S.C. § 623)
12.01.02 Age Discrimination--Disparate Treatment Elements and Burden of Proof--Discharge
12.01.03 Age Discrimination--Disparate Treatment Elements and Burden of Proof--Failure or Refusal to Hire--No Affirmative Defense
12.01.04 Age Discrimination--Disparate Treatment--Affirmative Defense--
Bona Fide Occupational Qualifications
12.01.05 Age Discrimination--Disparate Treatment--Affirmative Defense--
Bona Fide Seniority System
12.01.06 Age Discrimination--Disparate Treatment--Affirmative Defense-- Bona Fide Employee Benefit Plan
12.02.01 Age Discrimination--Damages--Compensatory--Reduction--Mitigation
12.02.02 Age Discrimination--Damages--Liquidated
13. Labor (including Fair Representation)
13.01 LMRA § 301--Duty of Fair Representation--Elements and Burden of Proof--Hybrid Claim
13.02 LMRA § 301--Duty of Fair Representation--Hybrid Claim--Damages
14. Antitrust
14.00 Antitrust (15 U.S.C. § 1, et seq.) (Preliminary Comment Only)
15. Trademark
15.00 Preliminary Instruction--Trademark
15.01.01 Definition of Mark--Generally (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.01.02 Trademark Interests--Owner
15.01.03 Trademark Interests--Assignee (15 U.S.C. § 1060)
15.01.04 Trademark Interests--Licensee
15.01.05 Trademark Interests--Merchant or Distributor
15.02.01 Infringement of a Mark--Generally (15 U.S.C. § 1114(1))
15.02.02 False Designation of Origin and False Description
(15 U.S.C. § 1125(a))
15.03.01 Trademark Registration (15 U.S.C. §§ 1057, 1115)
15.03.02 Trademark--Defined (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.03.03 Service Mark--Defined (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.03.04 Collective Trademark--Defined (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.03.05 Collective Service Mark--Defined (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.03.06 Certification Mark--Goods--Defined (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.03.07 Certification Mark--Services--Defined (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.03.08 Unregistered Mark--Common Law
15.03.09 Trade Dress--Defined (15 U.S.C. § 1125(a))
15.03.10 Trade Name/Commercial Name--Defined (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.04.01 Infringement--Registered Trademark--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 1114(1))
15.04.02 Infringement--Unregistered (or Invalidly Registered) Trademark--Identical Mark--Elements and Burden of Proof
15.04.03 Infringement--Unregistered (or Invalidly Registered) Trademark--Similar Mark--Elements and Burden of Proof
15.04.04 Unfair Competition--Likelihood of Confusion--Word or Device--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 1125(a)(1))
15.04.05 Unfair Competition--Trade Dress Infringement--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 1125(a))
15.04.06 Unfair Competition--Likelihood of Confusion--False or
Misleading Representations--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 1125(a)(1))
15.04.07 Likelihood of Confusion--Factors (15 U.S.C. §§ 1114(1), 1125(a)(1))
15.04.08 Secondary Meaning--Plaintiff's Burden of Proof
15.04.09 Unfair Competition--Misrepresentation by Word or Device--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 1125(a)(2))
15.04.10 Unfair Competition--False Advertising--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 1125(a)(2))
15.04.11 Inducing Infringement--Elements and Burden of Proof
15.04.12 Contributory Infringement--Elements and Burden of Proof
15.05.01 Mark Invalidity--Registered Trademark--Affirmative Defense--Defendant's Burden of Proof
15.05.02 Mark Invalidity--Unregistered Trademark--Plaintiff's Burden of Proof
15.05.03 Mark Invalidity--Generic Marks--Definition
15.05.04 Mark Invalidity--Lack of Distinctiveness--Merely Descriptive Marks--Definition
15.05.05 Mark Invalidity--Deceptively Misdescriptive Marks--Definition
15.05.06 Mark Unenforceability--Abandonment--Affirmative Defense--Defendant's Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 1127)
15.05.07 Continuous Prior Use Within Remote Geographical Area--Affirmative Defense (15 U.S.C. § 1115(b)(5))
15.06.01 Trademark Damages--Actual or Statutory Notice (15 U.S.C. § 1111)
15.06.02 Trademark Damages--Actual Damages (15 U.S.C. § 1117(a))
15.06.03 Trademark Damages--Profits (15 U.S.C. § 1117(a))
15.06.04 Trademark Damages--Intentional Infringement (15 U.S.C. § 1117(b))
16. Patents
16.00 Preliminary Jury Instruction for Patent Cases
16.01.01 Invention Defined (35 U.S.C. §§ 101, 103)
16.01.02 Patent Interests--Owner (35 U.S.C. §§ 111-112)
16.01.03 Patent Interests--Assignee (35 U.S.C. § 261)
16.01.04 Patent Interests--Exclusive Licensee Undisputed
16.01.05 Patent Interests--Exclusive Licensee Disputed (35 U.S.C. § 261)
16.02.01 Infringement Generally (35 U.S.C. § 271(a))
16.02.02 Literal Infringement
16.02.03 Limitation on Literal Infringement (Reverse Doctrine of Equivalents)
16.02.04 Infringement by Application of the Doctrine of Equivalents
16.03.01 Claims in General (35 U.S.C. § 112)
16.03.02 Interpretation of Claims
16.03.03 Limitation on Interpretation of Claims (Prosecution History Estoppel)
16.03.04 Dependent Claims (35 U.S.C. § 112)
16.03.05 Means Plus Function Claims (35 U.S.C. § 112)
16.04.01 Direct Infringement (35 U.S.C. § 271(a))
16.04.02 Plaintiff's Elements and Burden of Proof--Direct Infringement
16.04.03 Inducing Infringement (35 U.S.C. § 271(b))
16.04.04 Plaintiff's Elements and Burden of Proof--Inducing Infringement
16.04.05 Contributory Infringement (35 U.S.C. § 271(c))
16.04.06 Plaintiff's Elements and Burden of Proof--Contributory Infringement
16.04.07 Willful Infringement (35 U.S.C. § 284)
16.05.01 Defense of Invalidity--Generally
16.05.02 Invalidity--Anticipation/Lack of Novelty (35 U.S.C. § 102)
16.05.02.01 Inventor Listed on the Patent was not Inventor (35 U.S.C. § 102(f))
16.05.02.02 Inventor Listed on the Patent was not First Inventor
(35 U.S.C. § 102(a), (e) & (g))
16.05.02.03 Patent Owner was not Diligent in Filing Application
(35 U.S.C. § 102(b) & (d))
16.05.03 Invalidity--Obviousness (35 U.S.C. § 103)
16.05.04 Invalidity--Insufficient Specification (35 U.S.C. § 112)
16.05.05 Invalidity--[Process] [Method] Claims (35 U.S.C. § 102)
16.06.01 Patent--Compensatory Damages (35 U.S.C. § 284)
16.06.02 Patent--Damages--Reasonable Royalty (35 U.S.C. § 284)
16.06.03 Patent--Damages--Lost Profits (35 U.S.C. § 284)
16.06.04 Patent--Damages--Punitive Damages Not Allowed
16.06.05 Patent--Damages--Speculative Damages Not Allowed
17. Copyright
17.00 Preliminary Instruction--Copyright
17.01 Copyright--Defined (17 U.S.C. § 106)
17.01.01 Copyright Interests (17 U.S.C. § 501)
17.01.02 Copyright Interests--Joint Authors (17 U.S.C. § 201(a))
17.01.03 Copyright Interests--Authors of Collective Works
(17 U.S.C. § 201(c))
17.01.04 Copyright Interests--Work Made for Hire (17 U.S.C. § 201(b))
17.01.05 Copyright Interests--Assignee--Written Instrument
(17 U.S.C. § 201(d)(1))
17.01.06 Copyright Interests--Exclusive Licensee (17 U.S.C. § 201(d)(2))
17.01.07 Copyright Interests--Derivative Work (17 U.S.C. § 101)
17.01.08 Copyright Interests--Compilation (17 U.S.C. § 101)
17.02.01 Subject Matter (17 U.S.C. § 102)
17.02.02 Copyright--Subject Matter--Computer Program Defined
(17 U.S.C. § 101)
17.03.01 Infringement Generally
17.03.02 Copyright Infringement--Elements and Burden of Proof
17.03.03 Vicarious Infringement--Elements and Burden of Proof
17.03.04 Contributory Infringement--Elements and Burden of Proof
17.03.05 Copying--Access and Substantial Similarity
17.03.06 Substantial Similarity--Extrinsic Test; Intrinsic Test
17.04.01 Copyright--Affirmative Defense--Fair Use (17 U.S.C. § 107)
17.04.02 Copyright--Affirmative Defense--Abandonment
17.05.01 Copyright--Damages (17 U.S.C. § 504)
17.05.02 Copyright--Damages--Actual Damages (17 U.S.C. § 504(b))
17.05.03 Copyright--Damages--Profits (17 U.S.C. § 504(b))
18. Securities Act
18.00 Securities Act--Preliminary Instruction
18.01.01 Securities Act--Misrepresentation--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.01.02 Securities Act--Misrepresentations or Omissions and Materiality--Definitions (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.01.03 Securities Act--Knowledge--Definition (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.02.01 Securities Act--Excessive Trading (Churning)--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.02.02 Securities Act--Excessive Trading (Churning)--Control--Definition (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.02.03 Securities Act--Excessive Trading (Churning)--Intent to Defraud--Reckless--Definition (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.03 Securities Act--Agent and Principal (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.03.01 Securities Act--Liability of Controlling Person--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.03.02 Securities Act--Affirmative Defense of Broker or Dealer (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 10b-5)
18.04 Securities Act--False or Misleading Registration Statement--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 77e, Rule 11)
18.05.01 Securities Act--Affirmative Defense of Waiver--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 77e)
18.05.02 Securities Act--Affirmative Defense of Estoppel--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 77e)
18.05.03 Securities Act--Affirmative Defense of Ratification--Elements and Burden of Proof (15 U.S.C. § 77e)
18.06 Securities Act--Damages (15 U.S.C. § 77e)
19. Civil RICO
19.00 Civil RICO